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The two fundamental requirements of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) are free public education and least restrictive environment.

The principle of providing free public education ensures that all children with disabilities have access to the same educational opportunities as their non-disabled peers at no cost to their families. This is a critical component, as it establishes the foundation for educational equity and supports the idea that every child deserves the right to learn in a supportive environment.

The least restrictive environment (LRE) requirement mandates that students with disabilities should be educated alongside their non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate. This ensures that they are not unnecessarily segregated from their peers and have the opportunity to participate fully in the general education curriculum when possible, promoting inclusivity and social integration.

Overall, these two requirements are central to the philosophy of the IDEA, as they reflect the commitment to equitable and inclusive education for all students with disabilities.